As the most complex manufactured structures, cities face excessive population growth. Their expansion has intensified on high-risk sites, and the available evidence also indicates the continuous increase of all types of natural crises in terms of intensity and frequency. Scientific and experimental findings show that the best way to deal with danger is to promote the resilience of settlements in different dimensions (social, economic-livelihood, physical-spatial and institutional); in other words, resilience in both human and environmental dimensions comprehensively. It decreases and increases. This research has evaluated and analyzed the components of resilience in Sari. The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and field in nature. The statistical population in this research includes citizens living in the four districts of Sari, and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 383 people, who were selected from among the statistical population by stratified sampling. The questionnaire is the method of collecting library and field information and its most important tool. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling) were used by SPSS and Smart PLS software, and entropy and SAW models were exerted. The research results indicate that the situation of the four regions of Sari regarding social components has better conditions than other dimensions of resilience. In terms of institutional components, they have a vulnerable state. According to the entropy model, among the components of resilience, the institutional dimension has the most weight, and the economic dimension has the least weight. Moreover, according to the SAV model, Region 1 ranks first, and Region 3 of Sari ranks last in having the components of resilience dimensions.

Purpose: Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a model for designing the resilience model of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses. Method: This research is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative research that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software. Findings: Based on the research results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this research, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses. Conclusion: Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are among the primary concerns in internet security today. Machine learning can be exploited to detect such attacks. In this paper, a multi-layer perceptron model is proposed and implemented using deep machine learning to distinguish between malicious and normal traffic based on their behavioral patterns. The proposed model is trained and tested using the CICDDoS2019 dataset. To remove irrelevant and redundant data from the dataset and increase learning accuracy, feature selection is used to select and extract the most effective features that allow us to detect these attacks. Moreover, we use the grid search algorithm to acquire optimum values of the model’s hyperparameters among the parameters’ space. In addition, the sensitivity of accuracy of the model to variations of an input parameter is analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the presented model is validated in comparison with some state-of-the-art works.

Architecture-city is a self-sufficient mixed-use vertical megastructure with advanced infrastructure capable of functioning as a city. It requires special attention to design and construction, particularly in terms of its resilience to pandemics. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, some science-fiction films had predicted pandemics and provided lessons and warnings. This study aimed to learn from science-fiction films to design a pandemic-resilient architecture-city. It conducted content analysis to reach the research aim, using Steven Soderbergh's Contagion as a case. The film was chosen because of its striking similarity to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted in three steps: transforming the visual content of the film Contagion (2011) into written text, analyzing the content of the written text, and explaining the factors affecting the architecture-city resilience to withstand pandemics. Multiple film reviews complemented the written text to ensure a comprehensive analysis. The content analysis results of the film were presented under "Thoughtful Points in Architectural Designs to Withstand Pandemics". Finally, based on these results and the architecture-city definition, the factors affecting architecture-city resilience to pandemics were discussed. Based on the content analysis of the film Contagion, key considerations in architectural designs to withstand pandemics include attention to indoor environmental quality, available urban services and facilities, and major pandemic challenges. Several factors, such as climate and building orientation, appropriate dimensions and area of spaces, access to daylight and natural ventilation, connection with nature, visual and acoustic aspects, security, materials' color and type, protecting the privacy of residents, open and semi-open spaces, and flexibility are vital in improving the quality of indoor spaces to tackle pandemics effectively. The film Contagion accentuates the significance of strengthening local centers. Designing mixed-use neighborhoods with relative self-sufficiency can increase resilience against pandemics by providing citizens easy access to work, education, shopping, health, welfare, and leisure. During pandemics, access to essential services like healthcare, medicine, food, water, and energy poses major challenges. The utilization of advanced technologies is crucial for architecture-city resilience, alongside indoor environmental quality and easy access to urban services and facilities. By incorporating advanced transportation technologies, such as MULTI elevators, architecture-city can be structured as one or multiple neighborhoods, considering its dimensions. Incorporating touch-free technologies and anti-viral materials into frequently touched surfaces can prevent viruses from spreading via fomites. Incorporating aeroponics technology for food security, utilizing renewable energy to provide power, and implementing smart technologies for social communication, teleworking, telemedicine, tele-education, and online shopping are some ways to enhance the resilience of architecture-city against pandemics. Based on the results of the present study, improving the quality of indoor environmental conditions, providing access to urban services and facilities quickly and efficiently, through the design of mixed-use and self-sufficient neighborhoods within the architecture-city, and utilizing advanced technologies of transportation, construction, agriculture, and smart systems, is essential in creating resilient architecture-cities that can withstand pandemics. The results of this study can benefit architects and decision-makers involved in designing and constructing future architecture-cities.